Explain the process of transcription.

Answer:

Transcription is the process where a specific segment of DNA is copied into mRNA. First, the DNA double helix untwists and unzips at the gene's location. Then, RNA nucleotides pair with their complementary bases on the DNA template strand (Adenine with Uracil, and Cytosine with Guanine). Once the sugar-phosphate backbone of the mRNA is formed, the new mRNA strand peels away from the DNA and travels out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.