AnswersUnited States History II The Industrial Revolution to the PresentShaping of Modern America

Shaping of Modern America — Test Answers

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1
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Why did President Reagan call for Soviet leader Gorbachev to “tear down” the Berlin Wall?

A
He believed that the wall was a threat to US national security.
B
He believed that the wall’s removal would improve relations with the Soviet Union.
C
He believed that the wall’s removal would signal a new era of freedom.
D
He believed that Germany could remain divided without the wall.
2
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Following the 1994 midterm election, Republicans in Congress

A
vowed to work with Democrats to get the economy back on track.
B
were worried about making changes and opposing the president.
C
believed the American people wanted them to make changes.
D
supported President Clinton’s plans to raise taxes to balance the budget.
3

When he took office in 1980, what action did President Reagan take regarding the Cold War?

A
He began peace talks with the Soviets.
B
He turned the Cold War into an actual war by attacking the USSR.
C
He sought a new approach known as “peace through strength.”
D
He looked to form an alliance with Cuba.
4

Which of these is true of Carter’s attempt to free the hostages in Iran?

A
Carter opposed a boycott of Iranian goods.
B
Carter sought help from the United Nations.
C
Carter increased trade with the Iranians.
D
Carter aided the Mujahideen in fighting the Soviets.
5

Which of these foreign-policy goals was not accomplished during President Carter’s Administration?

A
bringing peace between Israel and Egypt
B
improving relations between Panama and the United States
C
bringing actions against Afghanistan
D
freeing Americans taken hostage by Iran
7

Which of these best describes China’s status during the 1980s?

A
China was a democratic nation.
B
China was a reunified state.
C
China was an independent state.
D
China was a Communist power.
8

The constitutional issue at the heart of United States v. Nixon is best described as

A
the extent to which the separation of powers was allowed.
B
whether the Supreme Court could hear the case.
C
the right of a president to resist impeachment.
D
whether laws had been broken during the Watergate incident.
9

How did the federal budget crisis affect the presidential election in 1996?

A
People had more negative feelings toward the Republican Party.
B
People blamed Democrats for cuts made to social programs.
C
People credited Republicans with ending the budget crisis.
D
People were disappointed that Clinton shut down the government.
11

What was one major cause of the recession in the United States in the 1970s?

A
low inflation
B
low unemployment
C
the oil crisis
D
the Iran hostage crisis
12

When President Nixon took office, he announced that an "era of confrontation" in foreign policy would be replaced by

A
an "era of national security."
B
a "Cold War" era.
C
an "era of negotiation."
D
a "Salt I" era.
13

When Jimmy Carter was president in the late 1970s,

A
he was seen as a strong leader.
B
unemployment rates continued to fall.
C
gas prices dropped to all-time lows.
D
the country experienced high inflation.
14

How did the weakening of the Soviet Union affect other nations in Europe?

A
It weakened those with Communist dictatorships.
B
It strengthened those with democratic governments.
C
It strengthened those with Communist dictatorships.
D
It had no effect on democratic governments.
15

The special investigation into the Whitewater real estate scandal

A
resulted in charges that Clinton had committed perjury.
B
revealed that Clinton was guilty of obstruction of justice.
C
produced no evidence that Clinton had committed a crime.
D
led to allegations of sexual harassment and misconduct.
16

Why was Saudi Arabia fearful of Iraq in 1990?

A
Saddam Hussein had threatened to invade Saudi Arabia.
B
Iraq had threatened to invade the United States.
C
Saudi Arabia was a smaller, more vulnerable country than Kuwait.
D
Iraq moved its troops to the border that Saudi Arabia shared with Kuwait.
17

The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) agreement in 1972 brought about

A
the creation of documents that officially ended the Cold War.
B
the US recognition of China for the first time since 1949.
C
the regulation of Chinese production of missiles that carried nuclear weapons.
D
the regulation of Soviet production of missiles that carried nuclear weapons.
19

When President Nixon agreed to turn over only some of the Watergate tapes to the special prosecutor,

A
the prosecutor refused to accept any of the tapes.
B
the Supreme Court took charge of conducting the Watergate hearings.
C
the Supreme Court put an end to the Watergate Senate hearings.
D
the prosecutor’s case against Nixon was heard by the Supreme Court.
20

Which of these was a success of the Carter administration?

A
signing the Camp David Accords
B
ending the war in Afghanistan
C
supporting the Sandinistas
D
bringing home hostages from Iran
21

Which of these helped make the reunification of Germany possible?

A
the influence of pro-Western military alliances
B
the end of the Cold War
C
celebrations in many other countries
D
ethnic tensions in former Soviet states
22

Which of these occurred after the Berlin Wall fell?

A
Europe remained divided among ideological lines.
B
All European nations became members of NATO.
C
The European Union collapsed.
D
Much of Europe formed a single economic market.
23

Which statement best summarizes a result of the 1994 midterm elections?

A
Voters showed they were willing to continue on the established path.
B
Americans were apathetic and uninterested in the midterm election.
C
Democrats received a mandate to take a new approach to government.
D
A Democratic president was left to work with a Republican Congress.

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