AnswersChemistryStates and Changes of Matter

States and Changes of Matter — Test Answers

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Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

A
It remains the same.
B
It decreases slowly.
C
It increases quickly.
D
It decreases rapidly.
2
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Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

A
Particle spacing can allow a very high density.
B
Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.
C
Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.
D
Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.
3

Which procedure could a student use to examine an intensive property of a rectangular block of wood?

A
Find the mass.
B
Measure the volume.
C
Record the length.
D
Determine the density.
4

Glycerol boils at a higher temperature than water. What does this indicate about the attractive forces of glycerol?

A
They are the same as those in water.
B
They are stronger than those in water.
C
They are nonexistent.
D
They are weaker than those in water.
5

Water’s molar mass is 18 point 0 1 g over mol The molar mass of glycerol is 92 point 0 9 g over mol At 25 times degree C , glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction?

A
glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass
B
water because it has a lower molar mass
C
glycerol because it has a larger molar mass
D
water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass
6

Which device involves the use of plasma in technology?

A
a car radio
B
arc welder
C
battery-operated flashlight
D
diesel engine
7

Which statement describes an intensive property of matter?

A
It depends on how a substance was formed.
B
It depends on the amount of substance present.
C
It is the same for every sample of every substance.
D
It is the same for every sample of a single substance.
8

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be?

A
liquid
B
gas
C
solid
D
plasma
9

A student is using a copper strip and a strong chlorine solution in her experiment. Which of these is a chemical property of one of her materials?

A
odor of the chlorine solution
B
density of the copper strip
C
color of the chlorine solution
D
reactivity of the copper strip
10

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it?

A
Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
B
Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink.
C
Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink.
D
Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
11

Which change of state involves a release of energy?

A
boiling
B
sublimation
C
condensation
D
melting
12

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome?

A
a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon
B
higher air pressure outside the balloon
C
a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon
D
higher gas pressure inside the balloon
13

Which is an example of a plasma that occurs in nature?

A
the radiant sun
B
an electric current
C
a melting candle
D
a burning tree
14

Which best identifies where long-range order would be found?

A
in crystalline solids
B
in thermal plasmas
C
in nonthermal plasmas
D
in amorphous solids
15

Which process is a chemical change?

A
burning a match
B
melting ice
C
breaking glass
D
boiling water
16

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor?

A
number of particles
B
pressure
C
volume
D
temperature
17

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

A
Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.
B
Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.
C
Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume .
D
Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume .
18

Which is the best example of immiscible liquids?

A
two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another
B
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another
C
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions
D
two polar liquids that have high surface tensions
19

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity?

A
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase.
B
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
C
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
D
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.
20

The substances are placed in separate containers at room temperature, and each container is gradually cooled. Which of these substances will solidify before the temperature reaches 0 times degree C ?

A
water
B
benzene
C
butane
D
nitrogen

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