The Civil Rights Movement Begins Answers

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1
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Brown v. Board of Education was argued before the Supreme Court by

A
Linda Brown.
B
Orval Faubus.
C
Thurgood Marshall.
D
Reverend Oliver Brown.
2
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In his arguments in Brown v. Board of Education, the lawyer for Oliver and Linda Brown claimed that “separate but equal” public schools were

A
neither separate nor equal.
B
separate but not truly equal.
C
equal but not truly separate.
D
both separate and equal.
3

What was the purpose of the Southern Manifesto?

A
To serve as a guide for NAACP leaders working towards desegregation in the South
B
To pledge to restore and maintain order and to ensure the protection of African American children during the desegregation of Southern schools
C
To condemn the Brown decision and declare an intention of Southern governments to oppose integration
D
To challenge the Brown ruling with an application for an appeal to the highest federal court
4

Which of the following encouraged the NAACP to become involved with Reverend Oliver Brown’s lawsuit against a board of education in Kansas?

A
the Southern Manifesto against desegregation
B
the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson
C
the election of Senator Harry Byrd to the US Senate
D
the Supreme Court’s decision in Sweatt v. Painter
5

Which of the following called upon states to desegregate public schools “with all deliberate speed”?

A
Brown v. Board of Education
B
the Southern Manifesto
C
Brown II
D
Plessy v. Ferguson
6

Which of the following names an NAACP member who became the first African American Supreme Court justice?

A
Heman Sweatt
B
Thurgood Marshall
C
Branch Rickey
D
Jackie Robinson
7

What main tactic did the NAACP use to fight for African American equality?

A
asking for “separate but equal” facilities
B
asking African Americans to become lawyers
C
establishing its own graduate school
D
arguing legal cases in court
9

Why did Eisenhower send federal troops to Central High School in Arkansas?

A
to assist local police who were struggling to contain an angry white mob
B
to remove the National Guard who had been sent by Governor Faubus
C
to block African American students from entering the school
D
to prevent white students from attending and integrating the school
10

Which of the following best describes the 1957 events at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas?

A
Governor Faubus resisted the school’s integration with National Guard troops, and President Eisenhower sent federal troops to enforce integration.
B
Under Governor Faubus, Little Rock police first fought, then enforced, the order to integrate the school.
C
President Eisenhower sent National Guard troops to resist the school’s integration, but Governor Faubus obtained a court order to dismiss them.
D
President Eisenhower and Governor Faubus worked together to make the integration process run as smoothly as possible.
11

What was the difference between the Supreme Court decisions in Sweatt v. Painter and Brown v. Board of Education?

A
Sweatt ruled that “separate but equal” graduate and professional schools were constitutional. Brown overturned that decision.
B
Sweatt struck down “separate but equal” public schools. Brown struck down “separate but equal” graduate schools.
C
Sweatt struck down “separate but equal” graduate and professional schools. Brown struck down “separate but equal” public schools.
D
Sweatt concerned African American voting rights. Brown concerned equal access to education for African Americans.

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