AnswersUS History and GeographyThe Civil War and Reconstruction

The Civil War and Reconstruction — Test Answers

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1
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What was problematic about the 1876 presidential election?

A
Hayes won the popular vote, Tilden narrowly won the electoral vote, and Florida’s voting results were disputed.
B
The Republican Party was divided between Grant’s followers and the Liberal Republicans.
C
One of Grant’s staff members ran for president, even though he’d been accused of taking bribes.
D
Tilden won the popular vote, Hayes narrowly won the electoral vote, and votes in four states were disputed.
2
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Which group opposed the spread of slavery during the 1860 presidential election?

A
the Southern Democratic Party
B
the Republican Party
C
the Democratic Party
D
the Constitutional Union Party
3

After the Civil War, how did nostalgic white Southerners view the Old South?

A
They hoped that Reconstruction policies would bring the Old South back.
B
They held a romantic view of the Old South and believed it was mostly good.
C
They were glad the Old South was gone, and many relocated to the North.
D
They thought about the Old South with shame because of its history of slavery.
4

How did Congress react to the Black Codes of the 1860s?

A
Congress took control of Reconstruction from President Johnson.
B
Congress passed new laws that restricted the rights of African Americans.
C
Congress asked President Johnson to take control of Reconstruction.
D
Congress supported President Lincoln’s plan for states’ readmittance.
5

Which of these was an advantage for the North at the start of the Civil War?

A
a larger population
B
a fighting spirit
C
a well-led army
D
enslaved workers
6

President Lincoln’s suspension of the writ of habeas corpus meant that citizens

A
no longer had freedom of speech.
B
were not allowed to house soldiers.
C
lost the right to bear arms.
D
could be imprisoned illegally.
7

President Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction

A
punished Confederates who owned large farms.
B
required all states to abolish the practice of slavery.
C
issued harsh penalties for Confederate military officers.
D
required states to repay their war debts quickly.
8

Why did General Grant adopt the total war strategy?

A
to bring the war to a speedy end
B
to prove that he was worthy of the job
C
to wage a defensive campaign
D
to seek revenge against General Lee
9

Which statement best describes the result of the Battle of Antietam?

A
Both sides had losses, but it was a victory for the North.
B
Neither side won, but it was a victory for the South.
C
Confederate troops won the Battle of Antietam decisively.
D
Union troops won the Battle of Antietam decisively.
10

In the debate over the Thirteenth Amendment, Democrats in Congress

A
pushed for the reinstatement of states’ rights.
B
called for a ban on involuntary servitude.
C
sought to end the institution of slavery for good.
D
tried to stop racism against African Americans.
11

The first two major battles of the Civil War took place at

A
Bull Run.
B
Fredericksburg.
C
Chancellorsville.
D
Fort Wagner.
12

Both Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln officially began their terms as president by

A
declaring themselves co-presidents.
B
attending each other’s inaugural addresses.
C
giving inaugural addresses to their nations.
D
reading from the US Constitution.
13

During Reconstruction in the United States, the Freedmen’s Bureau

A
segregated white and African American students in schools.
B
negotiated labor contracts for African Americans in the South.
C
administered poll taxes and literacy tests during elections.
D
helped African Americans relocate from the South to the North.
14

During the siege of Petersburg, General Grant

A
abandoned his strategy of total war.
B
had twice as many soldiers as Lee.
C
was waging war in his home state.
D
was driven back by the Confederates.
15

To make sure that the Union Army could not use Confederate resources when they arrived in Richmond after President Davis and his cabinet fled, the Confederates

A
rebelled against the ineffective tactics of the Confederate government.
B
waged war against any Union soldiers who were already in the city.
C
took all of their resources with them.
D
burned Richmond to the ground.
16

How did Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana react to South Carolina’s secession?

A
They expressed no official opinion.
B
They condemned the state’s decision.
C
They also voted to secede in 1861.
D
They voted to remain in the Union.
17

Which best describes the First Battle of Bull Run?

A
Union forces staged a surprise attack and beat Confederate forces.
B
Union forces staged a surprise attack but were forced to retreat.
C
Confederate forces staged a surprise attack and beat Union forces.
D
Confederate forces staged a surprise attack but were forced to retreat.
18

In the South, many enslaved people reacted to the Emancipation Proclamation by

A
relocating to the border states.
B
offering to become Union spies.
C
joining the Confederate military.
D
staging work slowdowns.
19

In 1883, several civil rights cases came before the Supreme Court that were related to

A
land ownership for Southern sharecroppers.
B
discrimination in public facilities.
C
voting, poll taxes, and literacy tests.
D
freedom of speech and the Ku Klux Klan.
20

How did the system of sharecropping affect landowners and laborers in the South?

A
The system did not provide landowners with enough profits because laborers often took sizable cuts.
B
The system typically drove laborers off the farms they had worked when they were enslaved and left landowners without workers.
C
The system often trapped laborers in a cycle of debt and dependence while allowing landowners to profit from laborers’ hard work.
D
The system left landowners with mounting piles of debt because laborers had little to no incentives to work the fields.

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