AnswersAZ-USAZ History B SS302The Cold War

The Cold War Answers

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Read the passage.As Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army before and during World War II, [George C.] Marshall earned a great share of the responsibility for the Allied victory. He helped plan, train and deploy ten million American soldiers and airmen, managing also the scientific development and procurement of the ever-increasingly complex weapons. After a few days of retirement following World War II, Marshall was called upon by the President to help manage the crucial problems of waging peace. As Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, he was the personal architect of the American diplomatic and economic program which turned the tide of Communism in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program came everywhere to be known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), paving the way for a revitalized Europe. For this, Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.–“Biographical Sketch of George C. Marshall,”Marshall Space Flight CenterAccording to the passage, what were George C. Marshall’s military contributions during World War II? Check the three correct options.

A
He served as chief of staff of the US Army.
B
He helped train US soldiers and airmen in modern warfare.
C
He used and helped advance modern weaponry.
D
He led British and French Allied forces as well as US forces.
E
He reduced the size of the US military from millions of troops to thousands.
2
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The United Nations was established so that it could resolve conflicts between nations by

A
launching military attacks.
B
forming blockades.
C
imposing sanctions.
D
occupying border countries.
3

Which of the following correctly characterizes the different post-war goals of the United States and the Soviet Union?

A
The United States wanted to promote democracy throughout the world, while the USSR wished to spread a single-party system.
B
The United States wished to stay out of the affairs of other nations, while the USSR wanted to become a superpower.
C
The United States wanted to create a buffer zone in Eastern Europe, while the USSR wished to stay out of its border nations.
D
The United States pushed for government control of the economy worldwide, while the USSR promoted the free-market system.
4

What is the purpose of the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A
to protect the rights of people in democratic countries
B
to promote democracy around the world
C
to bring about changes in government in Communist countries
D
to protect the rights of people around the world
5

Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States became committed to helping countries that were

f
fighting a Communist takeover.
s
struggling to establish their economies.
f
fighting against democracy.
p
promoting the domino theory.
6

The

A
imaginary
B
military
C
illegal
D
metal
7

Why did Stalin want to create a “buffer zone”?

A
to end the United States’ influence in Eastern Europe
B
to protect the USSR’s western border from another invasion
C
to separate East and West Germany
D
to establish a new system of government in the USSR
8

Which of the following best describes the United States’ policy of containment following World War II?

A
The United States would invade the USSR whenever that nation seemed likely to stage a Communist takeover.
B
The United States would only provide diplomatic assistance to countries fighting a Communist takeover.
C
The United States would only go to the United Nations on behalf of nations resisting a Communist takeover.
D
The United States would use economic and military measures to prevent the spread of Communism.
9

How did the Soviet Union’s system of government help to create conflict with the United States after World War II?

A
The Soviet system of government did not allow its people to choose their own leaders, which the United States thought was wrong.
B
The Soviet system of government did not allow the USSR to join the United Nations, which the United States thought was wrong.
C
The Soviet system of government encouraged people to immigrate to the United States, which the United States thought was wrong.
D
The Soviet system of government gave the people in Eastern Europe a huge amount of freedom, which the United States thought was wrong.
10

After World War II, why did the USSR want to control countries in Eastern Europe?

A
The USSR mostly needed the region’s raw materials for its own economy.
B
The USSR primarily wanted to unite all of the people under one religion.
C
The USSR had controlled most of these countries before the war.
D
The USSR needed to protect its borders from future attacks.
11

Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States became committed to helping countries that were

A
fighting a Communist takeover.
B
struggling to establish their economies.
C
fighting against democracy.
D
promoting the domino theory.
12

What best describes the governments of the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II?

A
The United States had a single-party system, and the Soviet Union had a democratic system.
B
Both the United States and the Soviet Union had a democratic system.
C
Both the United States and the Soviet Union had a single-party system.
D
The United States had a democratic system, and the Soviet Union had a single-party system.
13

Read the passage.As Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army before and during World War II, [George C.] Marshall earned a great share of the responsibility for the Allied victory. He helped plan, train and deploy ten million American soldiers and airmen, managing also the scientific development and procurement of the ever-increasingly complex weapons. After a few days of retirement following World War II, Marshall was called upon by the President to help manage the crucial problems of waging peace. As Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, he was the personal architect of the American diplomatic and economic program which turned the tide of Communism in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program came everywhere to be known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), paving the way for a revitalized Europe. For this, Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.–“Biographical Sketch of George C. Marshall,”Marshall Space Flight CenterAccording to the passage, what were George C. Marshall’s nonmilitary contributions after World War II? Check all that apply.

A
He served as president of the United States.
B
He assisted in developing NATO, which helped Western Europe rebuild after the war.
C
He redesigned and reconstructed key government buildings in Western Europe that were destroyed in the war.
D
He created the Marshall Plan, which provided economic support for war-torn regions.
E
He helped stop the spread of communism in Western Europe.
14

The

A
imaginary
B
military
C
illegal
D
metal
15

Look at the map below.During the Cold War, which country controlled the shaded nations?

Question illustration
A
the United States
B
the Soviet Union
C
Germany
D
Great Britain
16

How was the United States’ policy of containment related to the Marshall Plan?

A
If the United States could contain the USSR and stop it from trading with other nations, the Marshall Plan would be successful.
B
By containing the economic growth of the USSR, the United States could use the Marshall Plan to stop the spread of capitalism.
C
The USSR could only be contained by military force, so the Marshall Plan built up the military of the United States.
D
The United States believed that the economic aid provided by the Marshall Plan would help contain the spread of Communism.
17

The formation of the United Nations was a response to

A
the post-war desire for international cooperation.
B
the Truman Doctrine, which tried to contain communism.
C
the creation of the Marshall Plan to help rebuild Europe.
D
the formation of the defense organization NATO.
18

Which of the following best describes a belief held by President Truman that led to the establishment of the Truman Doctrine?

A
The United States should expand its ability to trade with all possible nations.
B
The United States should promote a single-party government system globally.
C
The United States should help free nations resist the spread of Communism.
D
The United States should work to keep capitalism contained within Europe.
19

Why did Stalin want to create a “buffer zone”?

A
to end the United States’ influence in Eastern Europe
B
to protect the USSR’s western border from another invasion
C
to separate East and West Germany
D
to establish a new system of government in the USSR
20

After World War II, why did the USSR want to control countries in Eastern Europe?

A
The USSR mostly needed the region’s raw materials for its own economy.
B
The USSR primarily wanted to unite all of the people under one religion.
C
The USSR had controlled most of these countries before the war.
D
The USSR needed to protect its borders from future attacks.

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