The Cold War Answers

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The 1932 presidential election was between Herbert Hoover and Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Why do you think most people were focused on the economy on 1932? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
More people were out of work than ever before.
B
Hoover’s economic policies weren’t working.
C
Unemployment showed no signs of stopping.
D
Even people who still had jobs were worried about the economy.
2
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Which of the following correctly characterizes the different post-war goals of the United States and the Soviet Union?

A
The United States wanted to promote democracy throughout the world, while the USSR wished to spread a single-party system.
B
The United States wished to stay out of the affairs of other nations, while the USSR wanted to become a superpower.
C
The United States wanted to create a buffer zone in Eastern Europe, while the USSR wished to stay out of its border nations.
D
The United States pushed for government control of the economy worldwide, while the USSR promoted the free-market system.
3

During the Cold War, how were the policy of containment and the domino theory related?

A
The policy of containment helped the USSR establish a number of buffer zones, or “dominoes.”
B
The United States believed that containment would make it easier for countries to fall to Communism like dominoes.
C
The policy of containment and the domino theory had no direct connection to one another.
D
The United States thought that if Communism could not be contained, then countries would fall to Communism like dominoes.
4

Which of the following best describes the United States’ policy of containment following World War II?

A
The United States would invade the USSR whenever that nation seemed likely to stage a Communist takeover.
B
The United States would only provide diplomatic assistance to countries fighting a Communist takeover.
C
The United States would only go to the United Nations on behalf of nations resisting a Communist takeover.
D
The United States would use economic and military measures to prevent the spread of Communism.
5

After World War II, Stalin said that the Soviet Union needed a “buffer zone” to protect it from attack. This idea resulted in the USSR expanding its control into

A
Northern Africa.
B
Western Europe.
C
the Middle East.
D
Eastern Europe.
6

After World War II, why did the USSR want to control countries in Eastern Europe?

A
The USSR mostly needed the region’s raw materials for its own economy.
B
The USSR primarily wanted to unite all of the people under one religion.
C
The USSR had controlled most of these countries before the war.
D
The USSR needed to protect its borders from future attacks.
7

Why did Stalin want to create a “buffer zone”?

A
to end the United States’ influence in Eastern Europe
B
to protect the USSR’s western border from another invasion
C
to separate East and West Germany
D
to establish a new system of government in the USSR
8

Read the passage.As Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army before and during World War II, [George C.] Marshall earned a great share of the responsibility for the Allied victory. He helped plan, train and deploy ten million American soldiers and airmen, managing also the scientific development and procurement of the ever-increasingly complex weapons. After a few days of retirement following World War II, Marshall was called upon by the President to help manage the crucial problems of waging peace. As Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, he was the personal architect of the American diplomatic and economic program which turned the tide of Communism in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program came everywhere to be known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), paving the way for a revitalized Europe. For this, Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.–“Biographical Sketch of George C. Marshall,”Marshall Space Flight CenterAccording to the passage, what were George C. Marshall’s nonmilitary contributions after World War II? Check all that apply.

A
He served as president of the United States.
B
He assisted in developing NATO, which helped Western Europe rebuild after the war.
C
He redesigned and reconstructed key government buildings in Western Europe that were destroyed in the war.
D
He created the Marshall Plan, which provided economic support for war-torn regions.
E
He helped stop the spread of communism in Western Europe.
9

Read the passage.As Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army before and during World War II, [George C.] Marshall earned a great share of the responsibility for the Allied victory. He helped plan, train and deploy ten million American soldiers and airmen, managing also the scientific development and procurement of the ever-increasingly complex weapons. After a few days of retirement following World War II, Marshall was called upon by the President to help manage the crucial problems of waging peace. As Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, he was the personal architect of the American diplomatic and economic program which turned the tide of Communism in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program came everywhere to be known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), paving the way for a revitalized Europe. For this, Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.–“Biographical Sketch of George C. Marshall,”Marshall Space Flight CenterAccording to the passage, what were George C. Marshall’s military contributions during World War II? Check the three correct options.

A
He served as chief of staff of the US Army.
B
He helped train US soldiers and airmen in modern warfare.
C
He used and helped advance modern weaponry.
D
He led British and French Allied forces as well as US forces.
E
He reduced the size of the US military from millions of troops to thousands.
10

How did the Soviet Union’s system of government help to create conflict with the United States after World War II?

A
The Soviet system of government did not allow its people to choose their own leaders, which the United States thought was wrong.
B
The Soviet system of government did not allow the USSR to join the United Nations, which the United States thought was wrong.
C
The Soviet system of government encouraged people to immigrate to the United States, which the United States thought was wrong.
D
The Soviet system of government gave the people in Eastern Europe a huge amount of freedom, which the United States thought was wrong.
11

Look at the map below.During the Cold War, which country controlled the shaded nations?

Question illustration
A
the United States
B
the Soviet Union
C
Germany
D
Great Britain
12

Look at the statements below about the 1930s.Loss of grasses left topsoil loose and unprotected.High winds frequently blew on the Great Plains.Valuable topsoil needed by farmers was thus blown away. Which statement belongs on the blank line?

Question illustration
A
Ranchers allowed their herds to overgraze and damage grasses.
B
Farmers did not rotate crops, and soil nutrients were used up.
C
Millions of acres of productive farmland became barren desert.
D
Farmers harmed the fertile land on which they settled.
13

Which led to the dust storms of the 1930s?

A
the consolidation of small farms
B
the removal of grass
C
the creation of cattle ranches
D
the use of dry farming
14

During the 1930s, the large area of farmland experiencing droughts was known as

A
the South.
B
the Depression.
C
the Dust Bowl.
D
the North.
15

Which led to dust storms during the 1930s?

A
farmers’ financial problems
B
crop rotation
C
farming and drought
D
ranching and heavy rains
16

Most of the people who migrated to the Great Plains in the late 1800s became

A
railroad workers.
B
shop and factory owners.
C
factory workers.
D
farmers and ranchers.
17

Migrants who left the Great Plains behind during the 1930s

A
often ended up living in poverty in crowded camps.
B
gained great wealth and prosperity in California.
C
had abundant food, clothing, and shelter.
D
often ended up living comfortably in their own houses.
18

How were farmers and banks connected in the 1930s?

A
Farmers lost their farms, and then banks lost money.
B
Banks made money, and then farmers lost their farms.
C
Farmers expanded their farms, and then banks made money.
D
Banks lost money, and then farmers lost their farms.
19

During the Roaring Twenties, American farmers

A
faced drought conditions.
B
abandoned their farms.
C
used cash to buy more farmland.
D
produced crops despite falling prices.
20

What was the economic effect of the Great Depression on America’s farmers?

A
Farmers grew more and more crops despite drought conditions.
B
Farmers could not pay taxes or repay money they had borrowed.
C
Farmers stripped away natural grasses that held the soil in place.
D
Farmers hid their money from businesses and banks.

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