AnswersEnvironmental Science B WHSGlobal Connection: Water Management and Katrina

Topic Test Answers

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1
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Which of the following is true concerning the balance between the solar energy absorbed and radiated by Earth?

A
Earth’s atmosphere absorbs a larger fraction of total solar energy than it radiates.
B
More than 90% of the solar energy that strikes Earth is absorbed.
C
Earth’s surface is responsible for absorbing a larger fraction of energy than it radiates.
D
None of the above.
2
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Which of the following is required for dark reactions to take place?

A
light
B
oxygen
C
ATP
D
water
3

Primary productivity is not limited by _______.

A
the availability of sunlight
B
time
C
the availability of nutrients
D
access to water
4

Which of the following statements about C4 carbon fixation is not true?

A
C4 carbon fixation is an adaptation for plants exposed to high light intensity.
B
C4 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C3 carbon fixation.
C
C4 carbon fixation is more common in areas of high temperatures than C3 carbon fixation.
D
C4 carbon fixation occurs in the inner cells of a leaf rather than the entire leaf.
5

Which of the following statements about entropy is true?

A
Entropy increases going from one trophic level to another.
B
Increases in entropy lead to reversible processes.
C
A system’s work output is limited when changes in entropy do not occur.
D
All of the above
6

Energy in higher trophic levels is greater than energy at lower trophic levels.

A
T
B
F
7

Energy in an ecosystem flows directly from _______.

A
producers to tertiary consumers
B
producers to secondary consumers
C
tertiary consumers to secondary consumers
D
secondary consumers to tertiary consumers
8

Which of the following is not an example of energy transformations in an ecosystem?

A
sunlight driving photosynthesis in plants
B
herbivores feeding on plants
C
predators feeding on herbivores
D
none of the above
9

How is energy associated with food stored?

A
potential energy in chemical form
B
kinetic energy in chemical form
C
potential energy in mechanical form
D
kinetic energy in mechanical form
10

Energy in most ecosystems must flow through autotrophs because ______.

A
only autotrophs can convert solar energy into chemical energy
B
autotrophs are simpler organisms than heterotrophs
C
heterotrophs only generate a small fraction of their energy from photosynthesis.
D
all of the above
11

How does energy acquisition in the deep sea differ from energy acquisition near the ocean’s surface?

A
Organisms in the deep sea acquire energy directly from the sun.
B
Organisms near the ocean’s surface rely on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.
C
Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.
D
Organisms in the deep sea have no means to obtain energy unless they travel to the ocean’s surface.
12

Which of the following is not true concerning the flow of energy through an ecosystem?

A
Most solar energy is used in photosynthesis.
B
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are performed by plants.
C
Not all solar energy is used for photosynthesis.
D
Most of the energy from photosynthesis flows out as heat.
13

Which of the following types of carbon fixation is least common for plants in arid locations?

A
C3
B
C4
C
CAM
D
none of the above
14

Which of the following organism does not gain energy from marine snow either directly or indirectly?

A
rays
B
crustaceans
C
chemosynthetic bacteria
D
sponges
15

C4 and CAM plants are _______.

A
adaptations to arid environments
B
adaptations to moist environments
C
more common than C3 plants
D
less efficient at water conservation than C3 plants
16

Carbon fixation occurs during the light reactions.

A
T
B
F
17

Which of the following is an output of photosynthesis?

A
oxygen
B
carbon dioxide
C
water
D
nutrients
18

Which of the following types of carbon fixation is associated with plant stomata being open during the night?

A
C3
B
C4
C
CAM
D
all of the above
19

Heterotrophs convert solar energy into chemical energy.

A
T
B
F
20

Which of the following best describes the solar radiation absorbed by and radiated from earth?

A
Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
B
Only a small fraction of energy radiating from Earth is from the atmosphere.
C
The Earth’s surface is responsible for a small fraction of heat radiation to space.
D
Earth’s surface absorbs little of the energy that strikes as solar radiation.

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