Topic Test Answers

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1
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How are the carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen cycles similar?

A
They are all biogeochemical cycles.
B
They all involve an interaction between living and nonliving elements.
C
They are all part of the Earth system.
D
All of the above.
2
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What is the main advantage to using satellites to measure climate change?

A
They can measure aspects of climate globally.
B
They are unaffected by the weather conditions they measure.
C
They are a universal tool for measuring all factors of climate.
D
They can measure the amount of rainfall a specific area receives.
3

Which of the following statements about positive feedback mechanisms is not true?

A
Positive feedback mechanisms can result from human activity.
B
Positive feedback mechanisms can occur naturally.
C
Positive feedback mechanisms lead to increased change.
D
Positive feedback mechanisms reduce change in a system.
5

Explain how the biosphere facilitates movement of water from the geosphere to the atmosphere.

Answer:

The biosphere includes all living components of the Earth. Plants, a part of the biosphere, pull water from the ground, part of the geosphere, for their use in the process of creating food. Water from the plants is incorporated into the atmosphere through a process called transpiration, where water from the plant evaporates and enters the atmosphere.

6

Which of the following about the biosphere is true?

A
It only interacts with the atmosphere.
B
It includes oceans, lakes, rivers, and groundwater
C
It can be considered a global ecosystem.
D
It includes the core, mantle, and crust.
7

What are some advantages of tracking changes in the climate system?

Answer:

Tracking changes in the climate system can help forecast weather conditions. It can also help predict natural disasters, such as hurricanes. Another advantage of tracking changes in the climate system is the ability to determine human impact on the climate system.

8

Explain how the biosphere interacts with the atmosphere.

Answer:

Plants in the biosphere consume carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and emit oxygen back into the atmosphere as a result of photosynthesis. Animals consume oxygen from the atmosphere and emit carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere as a result of cellular respiration.

10

The Gaia hypothesis is an example of _______.

A
positive feedback
B
negative feedback
C
glacial episodes
D
system overload
11

What system includes oxygen, nitrogen, and ozone?

A
geosphere
B
hydrosphere
C
atmosphere
D
biosphere
12

What makes life on the Earth possible?

Answer:

The balance between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere make life on Earth possible. Each component of the Earth system interacts with the others to exchange matter and make life possible.

13

Compare positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

Answer:

Positive feedback mechanisms increase or amplify change in a system, while negative feedback mechanisms oppose or reduce change and help keep the system stable.

14

Compare the use of coal to the use of petroleum from 1800 to 2004.

Answer:

The use of coal has steadily increased from 1800 to 2004. Burning coal was the leading cause of global fossil carbon emissions until around 1970, when the petroleum became the leading cause of global fossil carbon emissions. Petroleum use rose quickly after 1950.

15

What system includes the living components of the Earth?

A
geosphere
B
hydrosphere
C
atmosphere
D
biosphere
16

Which of the following statements about positive feedback mechanisms is not true?

A
Positive feedback mechanisms can result from human activity.
B
Positive feedback mechanisms can occur naturally.
C
Positive feedback mechanisms lead to increased change.
D
Positive feedback mechanisms reduce change in a system.
17

How are the carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen cycles similar?

A
They are all biogeochemical cycles.
B
They all involve an interaction between living and nonliving elements.
C
They are all part of the Earth system.
D
All of the above.
18

The biosphere is the only one of Earth’s systems that contains life.

A
T
B
F
19

What is the main advantage to using satellites to measure climate change?

A
They can measure aspects of climate globally.
B
They are unaffected by the weather conditions they measure.
C
They are a universal tool for measuring all factors of climate.
D
They can measure the amount of rainfall a specific area receives.
20

Which of the following is a use for a weather radar?

A
forecasting weather
B
preventing precipitation
C
measuring rainfall
D
measuring temperature

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