Topic Test Answers

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1
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Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that comes from outside the individual.

A
T
B
F
2
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Which of the following statements concerning anger is false? Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
There are positive aspects associated with feelings of anger.
B
Anger is one of the most passionate emotions.
C
Anger can result if one experiences limitation.
D
Anger is only a maladaptive emotion.
3

When Pedro spent a year in the United States as an exchange student, he found that at first he seemed to make a lot of mistakes in the way that he dealt with people. __________ could explain why his classmates didn't understand why he stood so close to people when he spoke to them.

A
A difference in the cultural display rules
B
Their indifference toward Pedro
C
Petro's exposure to Western culture
D
The school's lack of social activities
4

Drive-reduction theory states that external factors motivate individuals toward certain behaviors. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
T
B
F
5

Research indicates that feelings of empathy commonly increase one's tendency to do all of the following except __________.

A
forgive others
B
interact with others
C
understand others
D
care about others
6

According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, __________.

A
emotions developed because of their adaptive value
B
emotion occurs when the brain signals the cortex and the autonomic nervous system at the same time
C
different patterns of autonomic arousal lead to the experience of the different emotions
D
the experience of emotion depends on the autonomic arousal and one's interpretation of that arousal
7

Alaskan Natives often eat whale blubber while other groups of people typically do not. This is an example of __________.

A
food variety
B
stress
C
palpability
D
learned preferences
8

Brain research in rats indicates that a starving rat will show no interest in food if part of the brain’s __________ is destroyed.

A
thalamus
B
cerebellum
C
hypothalamus
D
prefrontal cortex
9

Sherry wants to take a great new job that happens to be based in a city that she doesn't want to live in. She is most likely experiencing __________.

A
an avoidance-avoidance conflict
B
an approach-approach conflict
C
pressure induced conflict
D
an approach-avoidance conflict
10

The three phases of general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and recovery.

A
T
B
F
11

Which of the following statements about stress is not true?

A
What is considered a source of stress for one person is not always the same for another.
B
Acute stressors are a type of stress that generally occurs over a long amount of time.
C
The stress level that one experiences is determined by one's perception of an event.
D
Traumatic experiences can be classified as either an acute or chronic stressor.
12

All of the following are ways to effectively reduce stress except ___________. . Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
suppressing emotion
B
relaxing
C
exercising
D
forgiving
13

Which of the following statements concerning self-actualization needs is accurate?

A
Self-actualization needs must be partially fulfilled before an individual focuses on esteem needs.
B
The majority of individuals achieve self-actualization after several years of striving to accomplish goals.
C
Self-actualization involves seeking ways to enhance or attain personal growth.
D
Maslow claimed that people who did not strive to attain self-actualization would not accomplish personal goals.
28

Explain how stress may impact food consumption.

Answer:

Responses may vary but should include some or all of the following information: Experiencing stress may cause people to increase the amount of food they consume. Individuals have a tendency to crave specific foods when tense or depressed, so stress may increase a craving for carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are believed to increase serotonin, which is responsible for producing calming effects on the body. Therefore, an increase in stress may lead the body to crave food that will produce calming effects.

30

Compare and contrast the drive-reduction theory and the incentive theory of motivation.

Answer:

Responses may vary but should include some or all of the following information: Both theories attempt to explain what motivates personal behavior in people. The drive-reduction theory of motivation explains how internal states of tension motivate individuals to act. It also describes the source of motivation as being within the organism, such as the way that hunger or exhaustion lies within us. However, the incentive theory of motivation explains how external things motivate individuals to act, and it describes the source of motivation as being outside of the organism, such as the way that rewards or punishments are external.

31

Which of the following statements has not been indicated by research on food and hunger behaviors?

A
Forcing children to eat specific foods often has a negative effect on food preference.
B
People usually consume larger amounts of food in social settings.
C
Stress may cause people to decrease their craving for carbohydrates.
D
Children are more likely to eat certain foods after seeing a parent eat them.
32

Which of the following statements is false?

A
One may be genetically predisposed to gain weight.
B
Humans have an innate preference for sweet and salty foods.
C
Eating preferences across cultures are the same.
D
Eating preferences can develop through conditioning.
33

Briefly describe the difference between a Type A personality and a Type B personality in regard to stress. List two characteristics of each personality.

Answer not available

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