Topic Test Answers

The process of discrimination allows one to react in different ways to similar stimuli.

Reinforcement is used to __________ behavior.

Which operant conditioning process must researchers use to encourage closer and closer approximations of a target behavior?

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.Francis enjoys spending time with his girlfriend, Carla. Carla will often eat a large number of grilled onions before spending time with Francis. One day, Francis walks by a hot dog stand and smells some fresh grilled onions. Suddenly, Francis has a great desire to see Carla.What is the neutral stimulus (NS) in this scenario?

Which of the following psychologists is most closely identified with operant conditioning?A.Sigmund FreudB.John B. WatsonC.B. F. SkinnerD.Ivan Pavlov

Which behavior is a learned behavior?

Which of the following is typically a result of learning?

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.Duke is practicing his spelling in the classroom. Duke is going to receive reinforcement after six demonstrations of the target behavior, which is spelling a word correctly. Which of the following statements is true?

Sleeping is a behavior that is dependent on both instinctive and environmental conditions.

Observable behaviors include both learned behaviors and instinctive behaviors.

Watson’s “Little Albert” experiment demonstrated which of the following pairs of classical conditioning processes?

All behaviors occur only after conscious thought.

Both learned and innate behavior can occur as a result of automatic processes.

Reinforcement attempts may not work if the reinforcer is not important or valued by the subject.

Classical conditioning occurs when the unconditioned stimulus evokes a response from a neutral stimulus.

In classical conditioning, a stimulus is used to provoke or elicit a response that __________.

Both positive and negative reinforcement serve to strengthen wanted behavior.

Conditioning occurs when two events that usually go together become associated with each other.

Behaviors never come back once they have been extinguished.

In classical conditioning, the __________ stimulus causes an unconditioned response.