Lab: Modeling Water Erosion — Unit test Answers

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What percentage of Earth’s water is fresh water?

A
3 percent
B
25 percent
C
75 percent
D
97 percent
4

Which describes bedrock?

A
consists of solid rock
B
lies directly above the soil layer
C
does not contain weathered rock
D
forms from decomposed material
6

Which part of the shallow ocean descends sharply away from the continental shelf?

A
abyssal plain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
transitional zone
D
continental slope
7

Which action would best help prevent groundwater erosion?

A
using breakwaters
B
packing down soil
C
building drains with outlets
D
increasing the slopes of riverbanks
9

Which zone within the open-ocean zone is home to the most organisms?

A
deep zone
B
surface zone
C
intertidal zone
D
transition zone
10

Which feature separates watersheds?

A
basins
B
bays
C
ridges
D
rivers
11

Which term describes erosion?

A
creates small particles
B
hardens rock fragments
C
transports solid materials
D
dissolves rock components
12

Which event occurs after Earth’s surface experiences weathering?

A
Wind carries sediments to a new location.
B
Ice forms cracks in large rocks.
C
Moving water breaks sediments into pieces.
D
Surface materials wear down into sediment.
14

How do oxbow lakes form?

A
Rivers are dammed, and the water builds up, creating a lake.
B
Runoff pools in areas of low elevation, creating a temporary lake.
C
Rivers wear away banks until the bank is broken and the river flows straight.
D
Glaciers leave deep channels in the ground, which fill with water and become a lake.
16

Why is the unsaturated zone not filled with water?

A
It is below the water table and water stays above it.
B
It is clay and water pools above it.
C
It is granite and water flows around it.
D
It is permeable and water flows through it.
17

Which is one benefit that mangrove trees provide to surrounding coastal wetlands?

A
They hold soil in place.
B
They store floodwaters.
C
They maintain surface water flow.
D
They filter water and improve water quality.
18

A scientist observes a geyser erupting. Which two objects must be interacting beneath the surface?

A
well and spring
B
spring and magma
C
magma and groundwater
D
groundwater and unsaturated zone
20

Which correctly lists the three types of rock particles that make up soil?

A
air, clay, and sand
B
clay, water, and silt
C
sand, clay, and silt
D
silt, water, and air

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