AnswersUS History Studies Since 1877Expansion and Reform

Expansion and Reform — Test Answers

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1
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Which phrase best fits in the blank box?

A
gave citizens government money
B
supported government investigations
C
wasted government money
D
encouraged people to vote
2
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What sentence best summarizes the quotation?

A
The “common people” often take advantage of the wealthy class.
B
The wealthy often profit from the hard work of the lower class.
C
There are three economic classes: the rich, the poor, and the middle class.
D
The wealthy succeed because they are stronger than the lower class.
3

How did the end of the Civil War help the Union Pacific Railroad?

A
It ended the labor shortage, as war veterans went to work on the railroad.
B
It freed the government to give more money to the Union Pacific line.
C
It encouraged more people to travel the railroad to settle in the West.
D
It supplied the railroad with labor in the form of free African Americans.
4

In 1867, one way many American farmers responded to the difficulties they faced was to

A
join the National Grange.
B
protest against railroad rates.
C
pressure state legislators.
D
form regional alliances.
5

Read the quote. I will fight no more forever. Who said this quote when the Nez Perce surrendered in 1877?

A
Geronimo
B
Chief Joseph
C
General Custer
D
Sitting Bull
6

Which reform measure could voters use if they wanted to change a law about taxes?

A
a direct election
B
an impeachment
C
a recall
D
an initiative
7

How did speculators take advantage of the Homestead Act?

A
by catering to new markets
B
by preparing the land for planting
C
by creating phony claims
D
by promising homesteaders a reliable link to the East
8

Read the quote from Applied Christianity: Moral Aspects of Social Questions by Washington Gladden. “In every community there are men of goodwill, who, if they had the money, could organize [efforts] among the [poorest] classes by which many of them could be saved...” Who are the “men of goodwill” that Gladden describes?

A
immigrants
B
wealthy people
C
reformers
D
social Darwinists
9

Which best describes William Jennings Bryan’s political experience?

A
Bryan served as the governor of Nebraska and as secretary of state.
B
Bryan served as a congressman and as the attorney general.
C
Bryan served as secretary of state and a congressman.
D
Bryan served as vice president.
10

In both the sharecropping system and crop-lien system, many farmers in the late 1800s

A
stayed out of debt.
B
eventually fell into debt.
C
usually broke even.
D
earned high profits.
11

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, reformers helped immigrants assimilate into American culture by

A
teaching them foreign languages.
B
teaching them how to speak English.
C
separating them from their family members.
D
isolating them from American citizens.
12

Which of these did the Interstate Commerce Act ban in 1887?

A
railroad pools
B
sugar-refining monopolies
C
steel monopolies
D
interstate railroads
13

How did the federal government use land grants in the West in the 1860s?

A
The government offered land grants to free African Americans after the end of the Civil War.
B
The government slowed settlement of the West by withholding land grants until the Civil War was over.
C
The government gave land to the railroads to spur the development of a transcontinental railroad.
D
The government used land grants to relocate Indigenous People onto reservations.
14

Which statement best describes how the Grange tried to help farmers financially in the late 1800s?

A
The Grange established cooperative stores and crop storage facilities.
B
The Grange organized the Populist Party to run their own candidates.
C
The Grange pressured state legislatures to regulate child labor.
D
The Grange organized the Farmers’ Alliances to influence national policy.
15

Which best illustrates a direct consequence of the social gospel movement?

A
The Salvation Army offered different kinds of services to less-fortunate people.
B
Protestant Christians formed groups that opposed drinking alcohol.
C
Social Darwinists began encouraging people not to help less-fortunate people.
D
Hundreds of settlement houses opened across the United States.
16

Who received benefits from settlement houses in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

A
members of the middle-class people who needed a place to live
B
immigrants who had recently come to America
C
young women from wealthy families
D
reformers like Jacob Riis and Lincoln Steffens
17

Which of these best describes why the Farmers’ Alliances formed the Populist Party?

A
The Farmers’ Alliances were not successful in reforming the sharecropping system and needed to form a national political party as a result.
B
The Farmers’ Alliances were not successful in maintaining cooperative businesses and needed to form a national political party as a result.
C
The Farmers’ Alliances were not successful in influencing national farm policy in favor of farmers and needed to form a national political party as a result.
D
The Farmers’ Alliances were not successful in changing the crop-lien system and needed to form a national political party as a result.
18

One of the main problems with the Indian reservation system was that government agents

A
did not understand the power structure of Indigenous people tribes.
B
gave land to settlers who removed Indigenous people.
C
dealt dishonestly with Indigenous people families.
D
took land from settlers to give to Indigenous people.
19

Why did the Interstate Commerce Commission have difficulty enforcing reforms?

A
The courts would not hear cases on interstate commerce.
B
The commission members supported laissez-faire policies.
C
The commission had no power to ban rate discrimination.
D
The courts often ruled against the commission.
20

The government’s continuous changing of Indigenous people policy caused

A
all Indigenous people tribes to accept federal government policies.
B
distrust of the federal government among Indigenous people.
C
trust of the federal government among Indigenous people.
D
all Indigenous people tribes to rise up against federal government policies.

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