AnswersUS HistoryIndustrialization and the Gilded Age

Industrialization and the Gilded Age — Test Answers

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1
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How did the railroads impact the relationship between eastern cities and the Great Plains?

A
Railroads brought settlers to cities in the East, and crops and food to farms in the Great Plains.
B
Railroads brought settlers west, but did not bring anything east, so the relationship was not equal.
C
Railroads brought crops and food east, but did not bring anything west, so the relationship was not equal.
D
Railroads brought crops and food to cities in the East, and settlers to farms in the Great Plains.
2
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What is the most likely explanation for why the healthier lunch costs more?

A
The healthier lunch is more expensive because its dessert costs more.
B
The healthier lunch is more expensive because its beverage costs more.
C
The healthier lunch is more expensive because it helps to reduce childhood obesity.
D
The healthier lunch is more expensive because it uses better-quality ingredients.
3

What does the graph tell you about the balance of income during the late 1800s?

A
Most people were factory or company owners.
B
Most people earned enough money to support their families.
C
Most people did not earn more than $1,200 in a year.
D
Most people earned about the same amount of money.
4

The largest price difference between the two lunches is found in the

A
main course.
B
dessert.
C
beverage.
D
side dish.
5

The majority of people who immigrated to America in the late 1800s and early 1900s

A
bought land and became farmers.
B
started businesses with their own resources.
C
adopted America’s established religions.
D
worked at challenging jobs in the cities.
6

In which of these situations would the government have been most likely to become involved in union protests?

A
a request by management
B
a union formed against a company’s will
C
a successful strike
D
a violent or destructive protest
7

What is one reason why the expansion of the railroads caused prices of products to drop during the Gilded Age?

A
Railroads provided transportation for products to markets in rural areas of the South.
B
Railroads provided expensive but fast transportation of raw materials and products.
C
Railroads provided cheap and fast transportation for both raw materials and products.
D
Railroads provided fast transportation of raw materials to ports for overseas shipments.
8

Which of these statements best describes why it was difficult for many immigrants to find employment in the US in the late 1800s?

A
They had specific training that was not useful in the US job market.
B
They were discriminated against by potential employers.
C
They generally lived in rural areas where there were very few jobs available.
D
They were not interested in the jobs that were available in factories and mills.
9

A sparsely populated country that undergoes industrial growth would be most likely to

A
expel immigrants from other countries.
B
experience a decline in population.
C
pass laws to restrict immigration.
D
attract immigrants from other countries.
10

Which of the following best describes the push and pull factors involved in Mary Antin’s immigration to the US?

A
financial problems and educational opportunities
B
threat of war and possibility of peace
C
famine and job opportunities
D
religious persecution and religious freedom
11

An important part of a cost-benefit analysis is identifying

A
economic consequences.
B
economic forecasts.
C
social reforms.
D
social customs.
12

What was the main reason that Carnegie invested in the Frick Coke Company?

A
He was interested in the coal business.
B
He thought he could help the company become profitable.
C
He wanted to invest in new technology.
D
He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant.
13

Which best explains how railroad companies were able to standardize their timetables in 1883?

A
by working together voluntarily
B
by unionizing their labor forces
C
by combining into a single railway company
D
by complying with federal legislation
14

In the system of mass production, unskilled workers

A
were hired to help skilled workers and were paid more than skilled workers.
B
were hired to tend to machines and were paid less than skilled workers.
C
were hired to tend to machines and were paid more than skilled workers.
D
were hired to assist skilled workers and were paid the same as skilled workers.
15

How did the Bessemer process benefit Carnegie’s monopoly?

A
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to produce high-quality steel more quickly.
B
The Bessemer process helped Carnegie hire skilled workers and improve the quality of his product.
C
The Bessemer process made the transportation of steel faster and more efficient.
D
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply in his factories.
16

Which of these characterizes child labor in the 1800s?

A
Children performed physical labor after school each day.
B
Children performed physical labor for long hours each day.
C
Children had the opportunity to learn trade skills at work.
D
Children who worked hard had the opportunity to get promoted.
17

The growth of business led to the development of a new type of business organization called the corporation. Which of these was a characteristic of a corporation?

A
The federal government was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
B
None of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
C
Only the owner of the company was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
D
Each of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
18

How did living in company towns make union membership more difficult for workers?

A
Company guards and agents spied on and reported workers.
B
Workers received free homes, food, and clothing.
C
They could fire workers who moved away from the town.
D
Workers made enough money that they did not need unions.
19

An action taken by employers or by the government against workers who wanted to organize was

A
union busting.
B
boycotts.
C
arbitration.
D
collective bargaining.
20

Which statement describes an effect of urbanization?

A
Living conditions improved in city centers.
B
Cities became less segregated.
C
The unemployment rate increased in cities.
D
The middle class grew in cities.

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