Karen has been having a difficult time remembering the verbs in her new French class because she keeps mixing them up with the verbs she learned in her old Spanish class. This is an example of __________.

Proactive interference occurs when older learning makes it harder to remember newer information. Karen’s previously learned Spanish verbs are interfering with her learning of French verbs, so this is proactive interference, choice C. Retroactive interference is the reverse: new learning disrupts recall of older information.

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