Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.Roland takes a walk through the desert. While there, he becomes extremely thirsty. To quench his thirst, he drinks a bottle of cold water. The water pleasantly refreshes him and he plans on bringing water more often on his desert hikes. Which type of operant conditioning in occurring in the scenario?

Drinking the water adds a pleasant outcome: it refreshes Roland and quenches his thirst. Because this positive consequence makes him more likely to bring water on future hikes, it is positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcement would involve removing something unpleasant to increase a behavior, rather than adding a pleasant reward.

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