What Is Psychology? Answers

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5

All but one of the following are studies done in sociology. Which one best illustrates a study done in psychology?

A
a study that shows how Marissa’s study habits change when she is at the library with her friends
B
a study that shows how Joey’s clownish behavior only occurs when he is around his peers
C
a study that shows how Katrina’s stress levels contribute to her obsessive exercise habits
D
a study that shows how Lisa’s obsession with snowboarding is caused by her group of friends
6

In a paragraph, explain three differences between a science and a pseudoscience.

Answer:

Science uses systematic methods to collect and analyze evidence, while pseudoscience often relies on anecdotes or unsupported claims. Scientific explanations are testable and can be shown to be false by evidence; pseudoscientific claims are often vague or protected from being disproved. Finally, scientific results can be checked and replicated by other researchers, whereas pseudoscientific claims often lack consistent, independently replicated support.

9

One of the goals of psychology is to predict future behavior or mental processes. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates this goal?

A
The psychologist measures Michael’s heart rate and bodily functions to better describe his behavior.
B
The psychologist helps Michael develop strategies to manage his anxiety levels so he can focus on the game.
C
The psychologist tells Michael that his basketball performance will improve when his anxiety levels are moderated.
D
After careful research, the psychologist explains that Michael’s intense feelings of anxiety are hindering his basketball performance.
14

Summarize how psychology is considered a science.

Answer:

Psychology is considered a science because it studies behavior and mental processes using systematic observation, research, and evidence. Psychologists develop testable explanations, collect and analyze data, and evaluate whether the results support their ideas. Other researchers can review or repeat studies, helping findings become more reliable.

16

In your own words, define psychology.

Answer:

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, including what people do and how they think, feel, and experience the world.

20

In a paragraph, compare and contrast psychologists and psychiatrists.

Answer:

Psychologists and psychiatrists both help people understand and manage mental health concerns. Psychologists usually have advanced training in psychology and often provide assessment and therapy, while psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in mental health and can prescribe medication. Both may provide treatment, and they can work together to support a person's needs.

21

Unlike psychology, the primary focus in sociology is to study how __________ affect behavior.

A
emotions
B
social influences
C
cognitive processes
D
individual goals

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